Merge branch 'master' of ssh://gerrit.onlab.us:29418/onos-next

 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
 
 
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
 
 

 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
 
 
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
 

 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
 
 
 /**
 /**
  * An interface of the class which is assigned to BatchOperation.
  * An interface of the class which is assigned to BatchOperation.

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
+
+/**
+ * A generalized interface for ID generation
+ *
+ * {@link #getNewId()} generates a globally unique ID instance on
+ * each invocation.
+ *
+ * @param <T> the type of ID
+ */
+// TODO: do we need to define a base marker interface for ID,
+// then changed the type parameter to <T extends BaseId> something
+// like that?
+public interface IdGenerator<T> {
+    /**
+     * Returns a globally unique ID instance.
+     *
+     * @return globally unique ID instance
+     */
+    T getNewId();
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.onlab.onos.net.ConnectPoint;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.DeviceId;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.PortNumber;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.DefaultTrafficSelector;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.DefaultTrafficTreatment;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.TrafficSelector;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.TrafficTreatment;
+
+/**
+ * Base facilities to test various connectivity tests.
+ */
+public abstract class ConnectivityIntentTest extends IntentTest {
+
+    public static final IntentId IID = new IntentId(123);
+    public static final TrafficSelector MATCH = (new DefaultTrafficSelector.Builder()).build();
+    public static final TrafficTreatment NOP = (new DefaultTrafficTreatment.Builder()).build();
+
+    public static final ConnectPoint P1 = new ConnectPoint(DeviceId.deviceId("111"), PortNumber.portNumber(0x1));
+    public static final ConnectPoint P2 = new ConnectPoint(DeviceId.deviceId("222"), PortNumber.portNumber(0x2));
+    public static final ConnectPoint P3 = new ConnectPoint(DeviceId.deviceId("333"), PortNumber.portNumber(0x3));
+
+    public static final Set<ConnectPoint> PS1 = itemSet(new ConnectPoint[]{P1, P3});
+    public static final Set<ConnectPoint> PS2 = itemSet(new ConnectPoint[]{P2, P3});
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+/**
+ * Fake implementation of the intent service to assist in developing tests
+ * of the interface contract.
+ */
+public class FakeIntentManager implements TestableIntentService {
+
+    private final Map<IntentId, Intent> intents = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<IntentId, IntentState> intentStates = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<IntentId, List<InstallableIntent>> installables = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Set<IntentEventListener> listeners = new HashSet<>();
+
+    private final Map<Class<? extends Intent>, IntentCompiler<? extends Intent>> compilers = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<Class<? extends InstallableIntent>,
+            IntentInstaller<? extends InstallableIntent>> installers = new HashMap<>();
+
+    private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+    private final List<IntentException> exceptions = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    @Override
+    public List<IntentException> getExceptions() {
+        return exceptions;
+    }
+
+    // Provides an out-of-thread simulation of intent submit life-cycle
+    private void executeSubmit(final Intent intent) {
+        registerSubclassCompilerIfNeeded(intent);
+        executor.execute(new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    List<InstallableIntent> installable = compileIntent(intent);
+                    installIntents(intent, installable);
+                } catch (IntentException e) {
+                    exceptions.add(e);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Provides an out-of-thread simulation of intent withdraw life-cycle
+    private void executeWithdraw(final Intent intent) {
+        executor.execute(new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    List<InstallableIntent> installable = getInstallable(intent.getId());
+                    uninstallIntents(intent, installable);
+                } catch (IntentException e) {
+                    exceptions.add(e);
+                }
+
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private <T extends Intent> IntentCompiler<T> getCompiler(T intent) {
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        IntentCompiler<T> compiler = (IntentCompiler<T>) compilers.get(intent.getClass());
+        if (compiler == null) {
+            throw new IntentException("no compiler for class " + intent.getClass());
+        }
+        return compiler;
+    }
+
+    private <T extends InstallableIntent> IntentInstaller<T> getInstaller(T intent) {
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        IntentInstaller<T> installer = (IntentInstaller<T>) installers.get(intent.getClass());
+        if (installer == null) {
+            throw new IntentException("no installer for class " + intent.getClass());
+        }
+        return installer;
+    }
+
+    private <T extends Intent> List<InstallableIntent> compileIntent(T intent) {
+        try {
+            // For the fake, we compile using a single level pass
+            List<InstallableIntent> installable = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (Intent compiled : getCompiler(intent).compile(intent)) {
+                installable.add((InstallableIntent) compiled);
+            }
+            setState(intent, IntentState.COMPILED);
+            return installable;
+        } catch (IntentException e) {
+            setState(intent, IntentState.FAILED);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void installIntents(Intent intent, List<InstallableIntent> installable) {
+        try {
+            for (InstallableIntent ii : installable) {
+                registerSubclassInstallerIfNeeded(ii);
+                getInstaller(ii).install(ii);
+            }
+            setState(intent, IntentState.INSTALLED);
+            putInstallable(intent.getId(), installable);
+        } catch (IntentException e) {
+            setState(intent, IntentState.FAILED);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void uninstallIntents(Intent intent, List<InstallableIntent> installable) {
+        try {
+            for (InstallableIntent ii : installable) {
+                getInstaller(ii).uninstall(ii);
+            }
+            setState(intent, IntentState.WITHDRAWN);
+            removeInstallable(intent.getId());
+        } catch (IntentException e) {
+            setState(intent, IntentState.FAILED);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Sets the internal state for the given intent and dispatches an event
+    private void setState(Intent intent, IntentState state) {
+        IntentState previous = intentStates.get(intent.getId());
+        intentStates.put(intent.getId(), state);
+        dispatch(new IntentEvent(intent, state, previous, System.currentTimeMillis()));
+    }
+
+    private void putInstallable(IntentId id, List<InstallableIntent> installable) {
+        installables.put(id, installable);
+    }
+
+    private void removeInstallable(IntentId id) {
+        installables.remove(id);
+    }
+
+    private List<InstallableIntent> getInstallable(IntentId id) {
+        List<InstallableIntent> installable = installables.get(id);
+        if (installable != null) {
+            return installable;
+        } else {
+            return Collections.emptyList();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void submit(Intent intent) {
+        intents.put(intent.getId(), intent);
+        setState(intent, IntentState.SUBMITTED);
+        executeSubmit(intent);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void withdraw(Intent intent) {
+        intents.remove(intent.getId());
+        setState(intent, IntentState.WITHDRAWING);
+        executeWithdraw(intent);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void execute(IntentOperations operations) {
+        // TODO: implement later
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Set<Intent> getIntents() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableSet(new HashSet<>(intents.values()));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Intent getIntent(IntentId id) {
+        return intents.get(id);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public IntentState getIntentState(IntentId id) {
+        return intentStates.get(id);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void addListener(IntentEventListener listener) {
+        listeners.add(listener);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void removeListener(IntentEventListener listener) {
+        listeners.remove(listener);
+    }
+
+    private void dispatch(IntentEvent event) {
+        for (IntentEventListener listener : listeners) {
+            listener.event(event);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public <T extends Intent> void registerCompiler(Class<T> cls, IntentCompiler<T> compiler) {
+        compilers.put(cls, compiler);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public <T extends Intent> void unregisterCompiler(Class<T> cls) {
+        compilers.remove(cls);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<Class<? extends Intent>, IntentCompiler<? extends Intent>> getCompilers() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(compilers);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public <T extends InstallableIntent> void registerInstaller(Class<T> cls, IntentInstaller<T> installer) {
+        installers.put(cls, installer);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public <T extends InstallableIntent> void unregisterInstaller(Class<T> cls) {
+        installers.remove(cls);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<Class<? extends InstallableIntent>,
+            IntentInstaller<? extends InstallableIntent>> getInstallers() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(installers);
+    }
+
+    private void registerSubclassCompilerIfNeeded(Intent intent) {
+        if (!compilers.containsKey(intent.getClass())) {
+            Class<?> cls = intent.getClass();
+            while (cls != Object.class) {
+                // As long as we're within the Intent class descendants
+                if (Intent.class.isAssignableFrom(cls)) {
+                    IntentCompiler<?> compiler = compilers.get(cls);
+                    if (compiler != null) {
+                        compilers.put(intent.getClass(), compiler);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                cls = cls.getSuperclass();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void registerSubclassInstallerIfNeeded(InstallableIntent intent) {
+        if (!installers.containsKey(intent.getClass())) {
+            Class<?> cls = intent.getClass();
+            while (cls != Object.class) {
+                // As long as we're within the InstallableIntent class descendants
+                if (InstallableIntent.class.isAssignableFrom(cls)) {
+                    IntentInstaller<?> installer = installers.get(cls);
+                    if (installer != null) {
+                        installers.put(intent.getClass(), installer);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                cls = cls.getSuperclass();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
+
+import org.hamcrest.Description;
+import org.hamcrest.StringDescription;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+
+/**
+ * Hamcrest style class for verifying that a class follows the
+ * accepted rules for immutable classes.
+ *
+ * The rules that are enforced for immutable classes:
+ *    - the class must be declared final
+ *    - all data members of the class must be declared private and final
+ *    - the class must not define any setter methods
+ */
+
+public class ImmutableClassChecker {
+
+    private String failureReason = "";
+
+    /**
+     * Method to determine if a given class is a properly specified
+     * immutable class.
+     *
+     * @param clazz the class to check
+     * @return true if the given class is a properly specified immutable class.
+     */
+    private boolean isImmutableClass(Class<?> clazz) {
+        // class must be declared final
+        if (!Modifier.isFinal(clazz.getModifiers())) {
+            failureReason = "a class that is not final";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // class must have only final and private data members
+        for (final Field field : clazz.getDeclaredFields()) {
+            if (field.getName().startsWith("__cobertura")) {
+                //  cobertura sticks these fields into classes - ignore them
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!Modifier.isFinal(field.getModifiers())) {
+                failureReason = "a field named '" + field.getName() +
+                                "' that is not final";
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!Modifier.isPrivate(field.getModifiers())) {
+                //
+                // NOTE: We relax the recommended rules for defining immutable
+                // objects and allow "static final" fields that are not
+                // private. The "final" check was already done above so we
+                // don't repeat it here.
+                //
+                if (!Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
+                    failureReason = "a field named '" + field.getName() +
+                                "' that is not private and is not static";
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        //  class must not define any setters
+        for (final Method method : clazz.getMethods()) {
+            if (method.getDeclaringClass().equals(clazz)) {
+                if (method.getName().startsWith("set")) {
+                    failureReason = "a class with a setter named '" + method.getName() + "'";
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Describe why an error was reported.  Uses Hamcrest style Description
+     * interfaces.
+     *
+     * @param description the Description object to use for reporting the
+     *                    mismatch
+     */
+    public void describeMismatch(Description description) {
+        description.appendText(failureReason);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Describe the source object that caused an error, using a Hamcrest
+     * Matcher style interface.  In this case, it always returns
+     * that we are looking for a properly defined utility class.
+     *
+     * @param description the Description object to use to report the "to"
+     *                    object
+     */
+    public void describeTo(Description description) {
+        description.appendText("a properly defined immutable class");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assert that the given class adheres to the utility class rules.
+     *
+     * @param clazz the class to check
+     *
+     * @throws java.lang.AssertionError if the class is not a valid
+     *         utility class
+     */
+    public static void assertThatClassIsImmutable(Class<?> clazz) {
+        final ImmutableClassChecker checker = new ImmutableClassChecker();
+        if (!checker.isImmutableClass(clazz)) {
+            final Description toDescription = new StringDescription();
+            final Description mismatchDescription = new StringDescription();
+
+            checker.describeTo(toDescription);
+            checker.describeMismatch(mismatchDescription);
+            final String reason =
+                    "\n" +
+                    "Expected: is \"" + toDescription.toString() + "\"\n" +
+                    "    but : was \"" + mismatchDescription.toString() + "\"";
+
+            throw new AssertionError(reason);
+        }
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * Test of the intent exception.
+ */
+public class IntentExceptionTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void basics() {
+        validate(new IntentException(), null, null);
+        validate(new IntentException("foo"), "foo", null);
+
+        Throwable cause = new NullPointerException("bar");
+        validate(new IntentException("foo", cause), "foo", cause);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validates that the specified exception has the correct message and cause.
+     *
+     * @param e       exception to test
+     * @param message expected message
+     * @param cause   expected cause
+     */
+    protected void validate(RuntimeException e, String message, Throwable cause) {
+        assertEquals("incorrect message", message, e.getMessage());
+        assertEquals("incorrect cause", cause, e.getCause());
+    }
+
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+/**
+ * This interface is for generator of IntentId. It is defined only for
+ * testing purpose to keep type safety on mock creation.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * {@link #getNewId()} generates a globally unique {@link IntentId} instance
+ * on each invocation. Application developers should not generate IntentId
+ * by themselves. Instead use an implementation of this interface.
+ * </p>
+ */
+public interface IntentIdGenerator extends IdGenerator<IntentId> {
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.not;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
+
+/**
+ * This class tests the immutability, equality, and non-equality of
+ * {@link IntentId}.
+ */
+public class IntentIdTest {
+    /**
+     * Tests the immutability of {@link IntentId}.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void intentIdFollowsGuidelineForImmutableObject() {
+        ImmutableClassChecker.assertThatClassIsImmutable(IntentId.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests equality of {@link IntentId}.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testEquality() {
+        IntentId id1 = new IntentId(1L);
+        IntentId id2 = new IntentId(1L);
+
+        assertThat(id1, is(id2));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests non-equality of {@link IntentId}.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testNonEquality() {
+        IntentId id1 = new IntentId(1L);
+        IntentId id2 = new IntentId(2L);
+
+        assertThat(id1, is(not(id2)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void valueOf() {
+        IntentId id = new IntentId(12345);
+        assertEquals("incorrect valueOf", id, IntentId.valueOf("12345"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void valueOfHex() {
+        IntentId id = new IntentId(0xdeadbeefL);
+        assertEquals("incorrect valueOf", id, IntentId.valueOf(id.toString()));
+    }
+
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Base facilities to test various intent tests.
+ */
+public abstract class IntentTest {
+    /**
+     * Produces a set of items from the supplied items.
+     *
+     * @param items items to be placed in set
+     * @param <T>   item type
+     * @return set of items
+     */
+    protected static <T> Set<T> itemSet(T[] items) {
+        return new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(items));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void equalsAndHashCode() {
+        Intent one = createOne();
+        Intent like = createOne();
+        Intent another = createAnother();
+
+        assertTrue("should be equal", one.equals(like));
+        assertEquals("incorrect hashCode", one.hashCode(), like.hashCode());
+
+        assertFalse("should not be equal", one.equals(another));
+
+        assertFalse("should not be equal", one.equals(null));
+        assertFalse("should not be equal", one.equals("foo"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        Intent one = createOne();
+        Intent like = createOne();
+        assertEquals("incorrect toString", one.toString(), like.toString());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new intent, but always a like intent, i.e. all instances will
+     * be equal, but should not be the same.
+     *
+     * @return intent
+     */
+    protected abstract Intent createOne();
+
+    /**
+     * Creates another intent, not equals to the one created by
+     * {@link #createOne()} and with a different hash code.
+     *
+     * @return another intent
+     */
+    protected abstract Intent createAnother();
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * Suite of tests of the multi-to-single point intent descriptor.
+ */
+public class MultiPointToSinglePointIntentTest extends ConnectivityIntentTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void basics() {
+        MultiPointToSinglePointIntent intent = createOne();
+        assertEquals("incorrect id", IID, intent.getId());
+        assertEquals("incorrect match", MATCH, intent.getTrafficSelector());
+        assertEquals("incorrect ingress", PS1, intent.getIngressPorts());
+        assertEquals("incorrect egress", P2, intent.getEgressPort());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected MultiPointToSinglePointIntent createOne() {
+        return new MultiPointToSinglePointIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, PS1, P2);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected MultiPointToSinglePointIntent createAnother() {
+        return new MultiPointToSinglePointIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, PS2, P1);
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.NetTestTools;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.Path;
+
+public class PathIntentTest extends ConnectivityIntentTest {
+    // 111:11 --> 222:22
+    private static final Path PATH1 = NetTestTools.createPath("111", "222");
+
+    // 111:11 --> 333:33
+    private static final Path PATH2 = NetTestTools.createPath("222", "333");
+
+    @Test
+    public void basics() {
+        PathIntent intent = createOne();
+        assertEquals("incorrect id", IID, intent.getId());
+        assertEquals("incorrect match", MATCH, intent.getTrafficSelector());
+        assertEquals("incorrect action", NOP, intent.getTrafficTreatment());
+        assertEquals("incorrect ingress", P1, intent.getIngressPort());
+        assertEquals("incorrect egress", P2, intent.getEgressPort());
+        assertEquals("incorrect path", PATH1, intent.getPath());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected PathIntent createOne() {
+        return new PathIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, P1, P2, PATH1);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected PathIntent createAnother() {
+        return new PathIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, P1, P3, PATH2);
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * Suite of tests of the point-to-point intent descriptor.
+ */
+public class PointToPointIntentTest extends ConnectivityIntentTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void basics() {
+        PointToPointIntent intent = createOne();
+        assertEquals("incorrect id", IID, intent.getId());
+        assertEquals("incorrect match", MATCH, intent.getTrafficSelector());
+        assertEquals("incorrect ingress", P1, intent.getIngressPort());
+        assertEquals("incorrect egress", P2, intent.getEgressPort());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected PointToPointIntent createOne() {
+        return new PointToPointIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, P1, P2);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected PointToPointIntent createAnother() {
+        return new PointToPointIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, P2, P1);
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * Suite of tests of the single-to-multi point intent descriptor.
+ */
+public class SinglePointToMultiPointIntentTest extends ConnectivityIntentTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void basics() {
+        SinglePointToMultiPointIntent intent = createOne();
+        assertEquals("incorrect id", IID, intent.getId());
+        assertEquals("incorrect match", MATCH, intent.getTrafficSelector());
+        assertEquals("incorrect ingress", P1, intent.getIngressPort());
+        assertEquals("incorrect egress", PS2, intent.getEgressPorts());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected SinglePointToMultiPointIntent createOne() {
+        return new SinglePointToMultiPointIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, P1, PS2);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected SinglePointToMultiPointIntent createAnother() {
+        return new SinglePointToMultiPointIntent(IID, MATCH, NOP, P2, PS1);
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
+
+/**
+ * An installable intent used in the unit test.
+ *
+ * FIXME: we don't want to expose this class publicly, but the current Kryo
+ * serialization mechanism does not allow this class to be private and placed
+ * on testing directory.
+ */
+public class TestInstallableIntent extends AbstractIntent implements InstallableIntent {
+    /**
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified intent ID.
+     *
+     * @param id intent ID
+     */
+    public TestInstallableIntent(IntentId id) {
+        super(id);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for serializer.
+     */
+    protected TestInstallableIntent() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
+
+/**
+ * An intent used in the unit test.
+ *
+ * FIXME: we don't want to expose this class publicly, but the current Kryo
+ * serialization mechanism does not allow this class to be private and placed
+ * on testing directory.
+ */
+public class TestIntent extends AbstractIntent {
+    /**
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified intent ID.
+     *
+     * @param id intent ID
+     */
+    public TestIntent(IntentId id) {
+        super(id);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for serializer.
+     */
+    protected TestIntent() {
+        super();
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
+
+/**
+ * An intent used in the unit test.
+ *
+ * FIXME: we don't want to expose this class publicly, but the current Kryo
+ * serialization mechanism does not allow this class to be private and placed
+ * on testing directory.
+ */
+public class TestSubclassInstallableIntent extends TestInstallableIntent implements InstallableIntent {
+    /**
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified intent ID.
+     *
+     * @param id intent ID
+     */
+    public TestSubclassInstallableIntent(IntentId id) {
+        super(id);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for serializer.
+     */
+    protected TestSubclassInstallableIntent() {
+        super();
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+//TODO is this the right package?
+
+/**
+ * An intent used in the unit test.
+ *
+ * FIXME: we don't want to expose this class publicly, but the current Kryo
+ * serialization mechanism does not allow this class to be private and placed
+ * on testing directory.
+ */
+public class TestSubclassIntent extends TestIntent {
+    /**
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified intent ID.
+     *
+     * @param id intent ID
+     */
+    public TestSubclassIntent(IntentId id) {
+        super(id);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for serializer.
+     */
+    protected TestSubclassIntent() {
+        super();
+    }
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+/**
+ * Set of test tools.
+ */
+public final class TestTools {
+
+    // Disallow construction
+    private TestTools() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility method to pause the current thread for the specified number of
+     * milliseconds.
+     *
+     * @param ms number of milliseconds to pause
+     */
+    public static void delay(int ms) {
+        try {
+            Thread.sleep(ms);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            fail("unexpected interrupt");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Periodically runs the given runnable, which should contain a series of
+     * test assertions until all the assertions succeed, in which case it will
+     * return, or until the the time expires, in which case it will throw the
+     * first failed assertion error.
+     *
+     * @param start start time, in millis since start of epoch from which the
+     *        duration will be measured
+     * @param delay initial delay (in milliseconds) before the first assertion
+     *        attempt
+     * @param step delay (in milliseconds) between successive assertion
+     *        attempts
+     * @param duration number of milliseconds beyond the given start time,
+     *        after which the failed assertions will be propagated and allowed
+     *        to fail the test
+     * @param assertions runnable housing the test assertions
+     */
+    public static void assertAfter(long start, int delay, int step,
+                                   int duration, Runnable assertions) {
+        delay(delay);
+        while (true) {
+            try {
+                assertions.run();
+                break;
+            } catch (AssertionError e) {
+                if (System.currentTimeMillis() - start > duration) {
+                    throw e;
+                }
+            }
+            delay(step);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Periodically runs the given runnable, which should contain a series of
+     * test assertions until all the assertions succeed, in which case it will
+     * return, or until the the time expires, in which case it will throw the
+     * first failed assertion error.
+     * <p>
+     * The start of the period is the current time.
+     *
+     * @param delay initial delay (in milliseconds) before the first assertion
+     *        attempt
+     * @param step delay (in milliseconds) between successive assertion
+     *        attempts
+     * @param duration number of milliseconds beyond the current time time,
+     *        after which the failed assertions will be propagated and allowed
+     *        to fail the test
+     * @param assertions runnable housing the test assertions
+     */
+    public static void assertAfter(int delay, int step, int duration,
+                                   Runnable assertions) {
+        assertAfter(System.currentTimeMillis(), delay, step, duration,
+                    assertions);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Periodically runs the given runnable, which should contain a series of
+     * test assertions until all the assertions succeed, in which case it will
+     * return, or until the the time expires, in which case it will throw the
+     * first failed assertion error.
+     * <p>
+     * The start of the period is the current time and the first assertion
+     * attempt is delayed by the value of {@code step} parameter.
+     *
+     * @param step delay (in milliseconds) between successive assertion
+     *        attempts
+     * @param duration number of milliseconds beyond the current time time,
+     *        after which the failed assertions will be propagated and allowed
+     *        to fail the test
+     * @param assertions runnable housing the test assertions
+     */
+    public static void assertAfter(int step, int duration,
+                                   Runnable assertions) {
+        assertAfter(step, step, duration, assertions);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Periodically runs the given runnable, which should contain a series of
+     * test assertions until all the assertions succeed, in which case it will
+     * return, or until the the time expires, in which case it will throw the
+     * first failed assertion error.
+     * <p>
+     * The start of the period is the current time and each successive
+     * assertion attempt is delayed by at least 10 milliseconds unless the
+     * {@code duration} is less than that, in which case the one and only
+     * assertion is made after that delay.
+     *
+     * @param duration number of milliseconds beyond the current time,
+     *        after which the failed assertions will be propagated and allowed
+     *        to fail the test
+     * @param assertions runnable housing the test assertions
+     */
+    public static void assertAfter(int duration, Runnable assertions) {
+        int step = Math.min(duration, Math.max(10, duration / 10));
+        assertAfter(step, duration, assertions);
+    }
+
+}

+package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Abstraction of an extensible intent service enabled for unit tests.
+ */
+public interface TestableIntentService extends IntentService, IntentExtensionService {
+
+    List<IntentException> getExceptions();
+
+}

@@ -48,6 +48,19 @@
             </dependency>
             </dependency>
 
 
             <dependency>
             <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+                <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
+                <version>1.3</version>
+                <scope>test</scope>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+                <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
+                <version>1.3</version>
+                <scope>test</scope>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                 <version>1.7.6</version>
                 <version>1.7.6</version>
@@ -244,6 +257,14 @@
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
         </dependency>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
         <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
             <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
         </dependency>
         </dependency>
@@ -320,6 +341,35 @@
                 </plugin>
                 </plugin>
 
 
                 <!-- TODO: add findbugs plugin for static code analysis; for explicit invocation only -->
                 <!-- TODO: add findbugs plugin for static code analysis; for explicit invocation only -->
+                <!--This plugin's configuration is used to store Eclipse m2e settings only. It has no influence on the Maven build itself.-->
+                <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
+                        <version>1.0.0</version>
+                        <configuration>
+                                <lifecycleMappingMetadata>
+                                        <pluginExecutions>
+                                                <pluginExecution>
+                                                        <pluginExecutionFilter>
+                                                                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
+                                                                <artifactId>
+                                                                        jacoco-maven-plugin
+                                                                </artifactId>
+                                                                <versionRange>
+                                                                        [0.7.1.201405082137,)
+                                                                </versionRange>
+                                                                <goals>
+                                                                        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
+                                                                </goals>
+                                                        </pluginExecutionFilter>
+                                                        <action>
+                                                                <ignore></ignore>
+                                                        </action>
+                                                </pluginExecution>
+                                        </pluginExecutions>
+                                </lifecycleMappingMetadata>
+                        </configuration>
+                </plugin>
             </plugins>
             </plugins>
         </pluginManagement>
         </pluginManagement>
 
 

@@ -6,5 +6,10 @@
   <groupId>org.onlab.tools</groupId>
   <groupId>org.onlab.tools</groupId>
   <artifactId>onos-build-conf</artifactId>
   <artifactId>onos-build-conf</artifactId>
   <version>1.0</version>
   <version>1.0</version>
+
+  <properties>
+    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
+  </properties>
+
 </project>
 </project>